Certified Wound Ostomy Nurse (CWON) Practice Test

What are corns primarily made of?

1. Fluid-filled blisters

2. Bone tissue

3. Protective layers of dead skin cells

4. Muscle fibers

The correct answer is: Protective layers of dead skin cells

Corns are primarily composed of protective layers of dead skin cells that form in response to repeated friction or pressure on the skin, usually on the toes or soles of the feet. This thickening of the skin is the body's way of protecting underlying tissues from damage. The development of corns occurs as a defense mechanism, resulting in localized areas of thickened skin that appear as conical projections with a hard center. In individuals with corns, the skin's outer layer (the epidermis) becomes thicker due to chronic irritation, causing discomfort when the area is pressed. This is particularly common in individuals who wear ill-fitting shoes or engage in activities that increase pressure on the feet. While corns can be painful, they are predominantly made of keratinized, dead skin cells and do not contain other tissues like muscle fibers or bone. Understanding this composition helps in properly diagnosing and treating corns, such as by reducing friction, using cushioning pads, or applying topical treatments to remove excess skin.