Certified Wound Ostomy Nurse (CWON) Practice Test

What defines necrotizing fasciitis?

1. An infection that spreads rapidly along fascial planes

2. A simple skin abrasion

3. A type of burn injury

4. A chronic skin condition

The correct answer is: An infection that spreads rapidly along fascial planes

Necrotizing fasciitis is characterized primarily as an infection that spreads rapidly along fascial planes, which are the connective tissue structures that surround muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. This condition is often caused by a mix of different types of bacteria, including Group A Streptococcus and sometimes anaerobic bacteria, leading to severe tissue destruction. The rapid progression of necrotizing fasciitis is alarming; it can result in significant morbidity and even mortality if not promptly identified and treated. Early signs might include pain, swelling, and redness but may quickly escalate to systemic symptoms like fever and septic shock. Recognizing that it spreads along the fascial planes is crucial for clinical assessment and intervention. In contrast, other options do not accurately capture what necrotizing fasciitis is. A simple skin abrasion refers to a minimal injury that does not typically involve deep tissue and would not be characterized by the severe and rapid progression seen in necrotizing fasciitis. Similarly, a type of burn injury pertains to damage from heat or chemicals and would not be described as an infection. Lastly, a chronic skin condition implies a long-term ailment, which is not in line with the acute nature of necrotizing fasciitis.