Certified Wound Ostomy Nurse (CWON) Practice Test

What is lipodermatosclerosis?

1. Inflammation of lymphatic vessels

2. Hardening of fat and dermal tissue in the lower leg

3. Swelling in the feet due to fluid retention

4. Thinning of skin above the medial malleolus

The correct answer is: Hardening of fat and dermal tissue in the lower leg

Lipodermatosclerosis is a condition characterized by the hardening of subcutaneous fat and dermal tissue, particularly in the lower leg. This pathological change often arises as a complication of chronic venous insufficiency. The skin above the affected area typically appears hardened or indurated due to the underlying changes in the fat and dermal tissues. In patients with lipodermatosclerosis, the affected areas may exhibit signs of inflammation such as redness, warmth, and tenderness, and it frequently occurs on the medial aspects of the lower legs but can also extend to the ankles. The hardening of the tissue can lead to various complications, including the development of ulcers if left untreated, thus making recognition and management of this condition crucial for clinicians involved in wound care.