Certified Wound Ostomy Nurse (CWON) Practice Test

What is the primary cause of peristomal moisture-associated skin damage?

1. Fungal infection

2. Exposure to effluent and perspiration

3. Inadequate dressing choices

4. Use of occlusive dressings

The correct answer is: Exposure to effluent and perspiration

The primary cause of peristomal moisture-associated skin damage is exposure to effluent and perspiration. This condition arises when the skin around the stoma comes into contact with digestive or urinary effluents, which can lead to maceration and irritation. These substances can break down the skin barrier, resulting in inflammation, redness, and discomfort. Additionally, moisture from perspiration adds to this challenge by compounding skin irritation. The combination of these factors makes it essential for caregivers to manage and limit skin exposure to these elements effectively. While fungal infections, dressing choices, and the application of occlusive dressings can contribute to skin issues, they are generally secondary to the direct impacts of effluents and moisture leading to peristomal skin damage. Proper management of the stoma and surrounding skin, including utilizing effective barriers and keeping the area clean and dry, is vital in preventing such complications.