Certified Wound Ostomy Nurse (CWON) Practice Test

What term refers to a fistula that has abscess or involves other organ systems?

1. Simple fistula

2. Complex fistula

3. Cutaneous fistula

4. Vaginal fistula

The correct answer is: Complex fistula

The term that refers to a fistula that has an abscess or involves other organ systems is characterized as a complex fistula. This designation highlights the increased severity and complications associated with such fistulas, including disruption of surrounding tissues, involvement of multiple anatomical systems, and potential for significant morbidity. Complex fistulas often require more comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and are typically more challenging to manage, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. In contrast, other types of fistulas, such as a simple fistula, manifest as a direct connection between two organs or cavities, generally without additional complications like abscess formation. A cutaneous fistula specifically refers to an abnormal connection that opens onto the skin, which does not inherently involve other organ systems. A vaginal fistula denotes an abnormal connection between the vagina and another organ, often with specific anatomical considerations that do not universally imply complexity or involvement of multiple systems. Therefore, the distinction of a complex fistula emphasizes the intricate nature of its management due to the potential complications involved.