Certified Wound Ostomy Nurse (CWON) Practice Test

Which type of organism is primarily responsible for Type 2 necrotizing fasciitis?

1. Staphylococcus aureus

2. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus

3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

4. Escherichia coli

The correct answer is: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus

Type 2 necrotizing fasciitis is primarily associated with Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, specifically Streptococcus pyogenes. This type of organism plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of this severe soft tissue infection, often occurring in conjunction with other bacterial species such as Staphylococcus aureus. The ability of Group A streptococcus to rapidly invade tissue and produce various toxins leads to the aggressive nature of type 2 necrotizing fasciitis, characterized by the destruction of fascia and surrounding tissues. Additionally, the presence of enzymes such as streptolysin and hyaluronidase allows the bacteria to break down connective tissue, facilitating its spread and exacerbating the condition. Early recognition and intervention are key to managing this infection effectively, given its rapid progression and high morbidity and mortality rates. While other organisms like Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli can contribute to necrotizing infections, they are more commonly associated with type 1 necrotizing fasciitis, which involves a polymicrobial flora.